Those who celebrated her festival were called βάπται or baptes, which means "bathers," from the purifications which were originally connected with the solemnity: the pre-worship purification ceremony involved an elaborate bathing ritual. Later relief sculptures from Thrace showed her as a huntress-goddess similar to Artemis, but in literature she was instead compared with the Oriental-Greek-Roman Cybele (Great Mother of the Gods). Her worship appears to have spread even as far as Italy and Dorian Sicily. Kotys was often worshipped during nocturnal ceremonies, which were associated with rampant insobriety and obscene behaviour. 425 BC), and perhaps privately in Athens about the same time, and was connected, like that of Dionysus, with licentious frivolity. Worship of Kotys was apparently adopted publicly in Corinth ( c. The name Kotys is believed to have meant "war, slaughter", akin to Old Norse Höðr "war, slaughter". Kotys ( Ancient Greek: Κότυς Kótys), also called Kotytto (Κοτυττώ), was a Thracian goddess whose festival, the Cotyttia, resembled that of the Phrygian Cybele, and was celebrated on hills with riotous proceedings and orgiastic rites, especially at night.
Red-figure bell-shaped krater by the Bendis Painter, c. He produced a large number of works over his 50-year career.Greek vase painting depicting a goddess, probably either Bendis or Kotys, adorned in Thracian garb approaching a seated Apollo. The Berlin painter trained with the Attic red-figure Pioneers, who taught him to study the body in movement and represent nudity. The Berlin painter favored the arrangement of figures seen on this krater: one figure standing out against the black surface of the bowl on a band decorated with a meander. The youth served there as Zeus' cupbearer. Zeus (or his eagle) carried Ganymedes to Mt Olympus. He is depicted hurrying toward Ganymedes along a decorative meander. On the opposite side of the krater, Zeus is seen wearing a himation and carrying a sceptre. These are further indications that Ganymedes is a youth. He plays with a hoop and holds a cockerel, the gift of Zeus.
These are Greek conventions that indicate the subject is a youth. On this krater, Ganymedes is depicted as beardless, and his hair is loose and flowing. Ganymedes was a handsome Trojan prince whom Zeus fancied. The krater does not have a foot so it was probably set on a stand of some sort.
The Ganymedes krater is lugged, meaning it has very short handles, one on each side of the krater at the opening.
The bell krater measures 33 cm in height and 33 cm in diameter.Ī bell krater was a vessel in which water and wine were mixed at banquets. The painting appears on one side of an Attic red-figure bell krater of clay.
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